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J. A O-OLEM'AQN GRINDING MACHINE 3 Sheet'ssheet l.

(No Model.)

, Patented J n. 24, 1888.

INVENTDFM N. PETERS, Phowlilhognpher. Washington. D. (I,

3 Sheets-Sh'ee-f2.

(No Model.) 7 J. A. COLEMAN. GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 376,814. Patented Jan. 24; 1888,

\NVENTEIH.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet J. A. COLEMAN. GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 876,814. I Patented Jan. 24, 18.88.

WITNEEEIEEI. INVENTEIR- N4 PETERS. Photo-Li' hognphar, Washington, 0,0

UNITED STATE PATENT, OFFICE, Q

JOHN A; COLEMAN, or PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

GRINDING- MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 376,814, dated January24, 1888.

Application filed May 23, 1885. SerialNo. 166,434. (No model.)

I of different organization for flat or plain surfaces. The former wastechnically called a cylindrical grinder and the latter asurface-grinder. In such cylindrical grinders the metal to be ground isrevolved upon centers,or their equivalents,in standards fixed to acarriage or table, and the axis oh the cylindrical body is in a planeparallel with the plane of the table, and this table has a -longi--tndinal reciprocating movement which carries the metal to be groundwhile, in contact with the edge of a grinding-wheel. The grindingwheelis held in a head at one side of the reciprocating table,with the axisof the wheel parallel to the line of direction of the reciprocatingtable. The axes of the wheel and of the cylindrical metalto be groundlie in the same horizontal plane, and this plane is parallel with theplane of the reciprocating table. The head holding the grinding-wheel isadvanced or retracted from the work to be ground in slides at rightangles to the slides of the} reciprocating table. In operation the workto be ground is revolved against the periphery of the revolvinggrinding-wheel, and

is ground circumferentially and longitudinally as the reciprocating.table passes the work across the edge of the wheel. I

In a surface-grinding machine flat-surfaced metal to be ground isfastened upon a longitudinally-reciproeating table, and this table movesback and forth in slides upon a lower table, which also moves laterallyin slides upon the frame of the machine at right angles to the line ofdirection of the upper table.

I The grinding-wheel is hung over the work to be ground, with its axisat a right angle. to the line of direction of the upper table carryingthe work to be ground; The arbor of the grinding-wheel is supported in ahead having a vertical feed movement in slides in an up- I rightstandard situated at one side of the bedor frame supporting the tablesand attached to and forming part of the machine. In op- 55 eration themetal to be ground, lying upon the upper table, is passed to and frobeneath and against the edge of the grinding-wheel. The wheel cuts apath in' the metal equal to'its owniwidth, and at the end of the tocomplete backward-and-forward stroke a new path is effected by feedingthe lower table referred to laterally upon its slides in the frame ofthe machine, and this movement of course carries the upper table withit. After grinding the surface over as described, the'operation may berepeated by'lowering the wheel upon the work by means of the screwwhichconnects the grinding-wheelhead and the standard. In brief, cylindricalgrind 7o ers have heretofore had wheels with axes par allel with thelongitudinal direction of their. reciprocating tables, and thewheel hasonlya horizontal feed to and from the metal to be 7 ground, but novertical feed, while surfacegrinders have wheels with their axes atright" angles to the longitudinal direction of their reciprocatingtables which carry thework to be ground, and the wheel has only avertical feed to and from the work,'but no horizontal feed, as in thecylindrical grinder. It is obvi: ous, then, thatheretofore a cylindricalgrinder has bcenan organization peculiar and distinct from asurface-grinder, and in order to do both kinds of work two distinct andseparate machines have been necessary. Cylindrical grinding cannot bedone on a surface-grinder, nor can surface-grinding be done upon a cy-nlindrical grinder. l

The object of myinvention is to obviate the 0 necessity for separatemachines to do the two classes of grinding, and to reduceexpense byorganizing one machine so that it shall possess the capacity to do bothkinds of work; and to this end I have, as I believe, for the-first time,9 5 embodied in one-machine a reciprocatingtable I and a grinding-wheelso arranged that byvariations in adjustment the grinding-wheel may bemade to occupy its proper position with relation to the metal to beground, whether 10o flat or circular, andto operate at its grindingfaceeither parallel with the path of'the table 7 or at right angles thereto,the gist of my invention being so mounting the table and wheel withreference to each other that the path of the metal to be ground may bevaried from a line which is at right angles to the axis of the wheel toa line which is parallel with said axis.

In the accompanying-drawings I have shown mechanism for carrying out myinvention, in which-- Figure 1 is an end elevation of a grindingmachinecontaining my improvements, the grinding-wheel being in position forsurface grinding. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same, a smallportion of the arm supporting the grinding-wheel being broken away toshow interior construction. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line w m ofFig. 2, showing the supporting arm and yoke in section; also the arborof the grinding-wheel supported in the yoke in which it is hung andswung from one position to another. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of thegrinding-wheel support, showing the yoke in which the grinding-wheel ishung, an arbor with the grinding-wheel mounted thereon, and pulley andbelt for driving the same, the wheel being faced in the proper directionfor circular grinding. There is also shown a piece of circular work tobe ground, mounted on centers upon a table. Fig. 5 is a side view of theupper portion of the supporting overhangingarm, showinga weighted leverattached to a slide in the side of the supportiug-arm, the slide beingshown in broken lines; also a portion of the yoke carrying the arbor andgrinding-wheel, the yoke being attached to the slide and the wholearranged to be counterbalanced by the weighted lever. Fig. 6 is asideview ofa grinding-machine, showing the grinding-wheel and its support,the wheel being turned in the proper direction for grinding circularforms. There is also shown an auxiliary table on which to mount taperingor conical forms to be ground. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of agrinding-machine with my improvements, showing the grindingwheeloperating upon an irregular surface. Fig. 8 is anend elevation of thesame, showing a former or pattern fixed on the table, having upon itsface the configuration to be given to the work to be ground; also thepattern'guide regulating the height of the grinding-wheel in conformityto the pattern. Fig. 9 is a section on line y y of Fig. 6, showing meansfor locking the yoke in which the wheel is hung in various positionsinto which it may be swung. Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate a machineembodying certain features of my invention in a modified form.

B is the bed of the machine, upon which is mounted the lower table, T,arranged to slide S is a strong standard attached to the bed of themachine, and is made to overhang the table. In this standard is a slide,1, working vertically or to and from the table and positively controlledand adjusted by a screw, w, or its equivalent, or, being disconnectedfrom the screw, is left free to play up and down or to and fromthetable. The slide and the screw on the back side of the slide areindicated by broken lines in Fig. 1, and the slide is also similarlyindicated in Figs. 2 and 5. A'yoke, k, is hinged to this slide to swinglike a door or rudder on its hinges, and across this yoke, in a positionparallel to the top of the bed, is placed an arbor, A, in bearings,carrying the grinding-wheel Hand a pulley, p, for driving the same. Thegrinding-wheel hangs in thisinstance directly under the pivotal hinge ofthe yoke It, so that when the yoke is swung into various positions thewheel hangs over the same spot; but the position of the wheel may bevaried without departing from the invention so long as the pivotreferred to stands in such relation to the arbor that the wheel may befaced in difl'erent directions when the supporting mechanism of thearbor is swung upon its pivot. By this slide 1 and yoke k the wheel maybe advanced toward and retracted from the work on the table, as desired,and may also be swung so as to face in any required direction.

In the drawings the swinging yoke k, which gives direction to the faceof the wheel, is locked at the various points to which it is swung by asemicircular plate, t, fastened to the slide Z, and an arm, m, attachedto the yoke, one end of which lies over the semicircular plate t. In theend of the arm m is a hole, 0, to receive a pin or screw,which passesthrough it and into either of the corresponding holes, 0 0 0 0, in theplate, according to the position into which the yoke is swung. It isobvious, however, that various devices may be applied to that purpose,the choice of which may depend upon the details of construction adoptedfor'mounting the wheel and its arbor.

For cylindrical grinding, centers h h are placed on thelongitudinally-moving table T, in which cylindrical bodies may bemounted to be ground. The cylindrical work is revolved on these centersin the usual manner as it is passed to and fro before the grindingwheel.

The wheel may be brought against the side of the cylinder to be ground,or it may be directly over the same. In the first case the work is fedagainst the wheel by moving the lower table, T, laterally. In the lattercase the wheel is fed down upon the work by operating the slide Z, whichis simply'a carrier moving in a right line to and from the work.

It is believed that the shaft or arbor of the grinding-wheel will not berequired to move through more than ninety degrees to accomplish bothsurface and cylindrical grinding. In such case the driving of the arboris best effected from a driving-drum overhead and mounted on swingingarms with a counterbalancing-weight attached, in a manner well known, sothat the arbor'will be run either with the belt twisted or open,according to the position in which the wheel has been adjusted.

To operate the machine forsurface-grind 'ing, a piece of work isfastened upon the top tween the wheel and table is lessened; or, in

other words, the wheel is lowered and the operation repeated.

-' ble T.

' work revolved therein.

If cylindrical workis to be ground, it is placed-on centers fastened tothe top table, T,

and revolved on the centers in the usual man- I ner. The yoke 7c isswung so that thearbor of the grinding-wheel is parallel with thedirection of the longitudinally-reciprocating table T. The wheel may belowered so that its face will operate upon the side of the cylindricalwork to be ground, in which case the wheel will be fastened and the workfed against it by feeding the lower table, T, laterally, of coursecarrying the reciprocating table T with it. vA slow reciprocatingmovement is given to the table T, the work at the same time revolvingand pressing against the face of the grinding-wheel. At each end of thestroke of the top table the lateral feed of the lower table is appliedfor a repeated cut, and so on until the work is finished. g

If the wheel were placed over the work instead of at the side, thelateral feed of the tables would not be used; but repeated cuts would bemade by feeding the wheel down upon the work at each complete stroke ofthe reciprocating table. In order to grindtapering or conical forms, anauxiliary table, T, is placed upon the ta One end of the table T ishinged, as at 9, upon the'table T, and the other'end car- 'ries a screw,10, or other suitable means, for

elevating and depressing that end of the table. The centers h h, forholding cylindrical work, are attached to the auxiliary table and the isplaced over thework in this case, so that the lowest point of the wheelis directly over the axis of the'work tobe ground. The revolving work isreciprocated pastthe face of the wheel, andif repeated cuts are desiredthe wheel is fed downward .upon it by its own mechanism.

It is obvious that other devices for inclining the axis of the taperingcircular work to suit the taper and enable it to be ground may;

The under table, T, is then fed later- The grinding-wheel also be-employed without invention. g n

.For grinding forms of lrregular surface, P

departing from the I is a pattern attached to the table T. F'is aguide-finger with its lower end curved to the same" sweep as the curveof the grinding- I wheel, and this guide-finger is suitably attachedtothe yoke k. W is an irregularlyshaped piece of work to be I ground,attached to the table T beside the pattern, P. The

curved end of the guide-finger rests upon and follows theconfigurationof the pattern P.

In operation forthis class of work the grinding-wheel arbor would beswung into the same position as for surface-grindingat a right angle tothe direction of the reciprocating table.

T. The'positive screw-feed of the slide Z is" T would be the same as forplain surfacegrinding. g y

In place of advancing the wheel toward and retracting it from thesurface of the table in a line perpendicularly thereto, the counterpartthereof may be employed-of moving thetable to and from the wheel in thesame perpendicular line, as is common in some surface-grindingmachines,,and this mode of placing the wheel 7 and the metal into andout of contact might have been illustrated in connection with Figs. 7 1and 2; but for its better illustration I have preferredto resort toadditional figures-and to therein clearly indicate that when the metalto be ground is moved vertically toward and from the wheel the latterneed not necessarily be vertically adjusted.

In Figs. 10 and 11 I have shown a front and end View of agrinding-machine in which the bed supporting the tables is mounted on a5 heavy standard in such a manner that it is readily raised and loweredby means of a screw. The arrangement for raising and lowering the bed isnot new, and therefore does not'require elaborate description. The bed Biss'hown as a bracketed table gibbed to an upright support, R, andraised-and lowered ,by the screw E. The said Figs. 10 and 11 showthewheel pivotal] y mounted, as before described, on the standard S; butthe slide Z is omitted, itsoffice being performed by the sliding bed.

It is obvious from what has been shown that I.

this invention has for the first time brought together intoa singlemachine the capacities of surface and cylindrical grinding by means ofthesimple devices for facing the grinding-wheel in different'directions,the same being always located over the face of the table in a machineemploying the longitudinally r30 7 and laterally reciprocating tables ofa surface I capable of the pivotal movement as now pro vided for by me;and it is also to be under- 'stood that in machines for grindingwood-planing-machine knives the grinding-wheels have been pivoted, as,for instance, as shown in United States Letters Patent, July 16, 1872,No. 129,548, where the grinding-wheel is so mounted that only a port ionof its periphery is available for grinding, because it is diametricallyobs'tructed by the frame-work in which it is mounted, thereby renderingit impracticable for use in my machines, not only .because it-wouldprevent close observation when in service, but also because one of themost useful portions of the periphery is rendered wholly unavailable.

It will be seen that my grinding-wheels have an unobstructed grindingsurface, and that the periphery of the wheel in the horizontal planeoccupied by its axis, as well as all of the periphery below said axis,is available for grinding, and this is absolutely essential in-mymachines.

Having now described the parts of the machine and their various modes ofoperation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. Ina grinding-machine, the combination, substantially as described, ofa sliding table for supporting material to be ground and an overhanginggrinding-wheel which is supported in a frame and is thereby pivoted atright angles to its axis, whereby said wheel may be adjusted for serviceeither with its axis parallel with or at right angles to the path of thetable.

2. In a grindingmachine, the combination,

substantially as described, of a sliding table for'supporting materialto be ground, an overhanging grinding-wheel supported in a frame andthereby pivoted at right angles to the axis of the wheel, and means,substantially as described, for varying the space between thegrinding-face of the wheel and the table.

3. In a grinding-machine, the combination, substantially as described,of a grinding-wheel supported in a frame and thereby pivoted at rightangles to its axis, and a work-supporting sliding table below the wheeland mounted upon a second sliding table, aflordinga line of movementwhich is at right angles to the path 7 of the work-supporting table.

4. In a grinding-machine, the combination, substantially as described,of a sliding table for supporting material to be ground and anoverhanging grinding-wheel having an unobstructed grinding-periphery andsupported in a frame and thereby pivoted at right angles to its axis andadjustable toward and from the surface of said table and at right anglesthereto.

JOHN A. COLEMAN.

WVitnesses:

0. LAPHAM, MARSTON LINCOLN.

